Proper foundation under the house

Before you start pouring the foundation and evento design a house, it is necessary to conduct geological exploration activities. They will allow you to find out such important indicators as soil moisture on the site, the level of groundwater occurrence, the depth of freezing of the soil in the cold period of time, and also to determine other parameters that allow to choose the type of foundation under the building correctly. Filling the foundation under the house is also made only after the calculations concerning the future load on it. Both these types of work are entrusted to specialists.

Most often private houses are usedribbon foundations. On an example of the construction of this type and consider the basic principles of this work. You will also need to calculate (at least approximately) how much it will cost to fill the foundation. The price depends, first of all, on the size of the future building. The type of soil and material from which the walls will be made also have great importance in this respect. For example, on a rocky soil, it is not necessary to deepen the foundation, and, consequently, its final cost will be lower. The same applies to light walls, for example, wireframes.

Filling the foundation under the house begins withmarking works and excavation. After the latter is ready, formwork is installed in it. When building small houses, you can use any durable material to make it. But more often the formwork is collected from wooden shields. For this purpose, special supports are installed in the pit. After the installation of the boards, they are additionally fixed with spacers.

It should be ensured that the distance between the shields along the perimeter is the same. Prior to installation, the horizontality of the bottom of the excavation is also checked.

After the formwork is installed on the bottom of the pit,sand layer of 15 cm. Thus, compensating the difference in pressure on the ground in the normal and spring period, during the punching of the soil, a pillow. Further in the formwork the reinforcement is fixed. In the manufacture of this metal structure, welding is not recommended, since the junction points of the rods in this case can begin to rust quickly. It is best to use a special ligament wire. The next step is to fill the foundation itself.

This will require cement, crushed stone (whichcan be replaced with rubble stone), water and special tools. Of course, with the mixing of the concrete mix, you can use the old grandfather's method (trough and hoe), but it is best to purchase a modern concrete mixer.

With it, the foundation pouring technology willas much as possible simplified. Yes, and the concrete mixture will be much better. Lay it in the formwork layers. In the event that you decide to use rubble stone, then first 15 cm of concrete is laid on the sand, then stones are placed on it. Then again, concrete, then stones, etc.

It is important to ensure that the distance betweencobblestones and formwork was not less than 5 cm. After pouring the last layer, the surface of the finished foundation is carefully checked for horizontality. To do this, use the building level. On this process, such as pouring the foundation under the house, can be considered complete. Cures the concrete during the day in a warm period of time. After this period it will be possible to remove the formwork. The next two weeks, if the weather on the street is dry, the foundation should be moistened with water from time to time to avoid the appearance of cracks.

Concrete finally hardens in about a month. Only after waiting this period, you can proceed to waterproofing works and erection of walls.