We interact every day with flowers -choosing a palette of a new interior, the color of the dress, the tone of the makeup or nail polish, we are looking for a suitable shade to the atmosphere or atmosphere. In shopping pavilions, without knowing it, we give preference to this or that commodity, first of all referring to its color.
One of the founders of the "color theory", a man,explaining the color preferences of people from the point of view of psychology, is the famous philosopher and poet Johann Wolfgang Goethe. The color circle proposed by him in the XIX century, as the basis of the theory of color harmony, despite the lack of recognition by contemporaries, is actively used today.
Гёте Иоганн Вольфганг родился в 1748 году в the trading city of Germany - Frankfurt am Main. This is one of the most outstanding philosophers and poets of the late XVIII - early XIX century. However, very few people know that Johann Wolfgang was also a natural scientist - he collected a significant collection of minerals, in honor of him was named one of them - Goethe, and was also honored to perpetuate his name in the name of one of the craters on the planet Mercury.
To one of the main achievements of this husband in the field ofnatural sciences refers to the "color circle of Goethe" - the doctrine of color and its combinations, published in 1810 in the book "Toward the theory of color" (German Zur Farbenlehre). In it, the scientist presented his subjective view of the nature of color, and also revealed questions about human light perception. This theory was contrary to the then prevailing physical theory of the nature of color, in connection with which was not taken seriously by contemporaries. However, Johann Wolfgang did not seek to explain this phenomenon from the point of view of physics. Most of all he was worried by the question: "What feelings and emotions does a person have this or that color?"
In the modern world, there are two approaches to determining the nature of color:
Philosophical reflections on the structure of the worldpushed Goethe to an opinion about the reality of the existence of color in nature. Then the scientist decided to consider each of them from the point of view of psychology and determine the extent of his influence on the human brain.
However, to assert that the color circle of Johann Goethe- a truly philosophical teaching, is fundamentally not true. Initially, the palette consisted of 6 colors, and in the 19th century expanded to 24 units by the German physicist Wilhelm Oswald.
People working with flowers and picking harmonious shades, use the color circle of Goethe.
Each of them is an energy clot that causes people to have certain emotions.
There are 2 varieties of a circle.
1. A palette of 6 colors.
2. A palette of 24 colors.
In the process of empirical research,it is established that subjective sensations of a person vary by 3-4 degrees, depending on the color of the walls of the room. In this regard, Johann Wolfgang established the temperament for each color, depending on its "temperature" on the scale "warm - cold".
When you add this or that shade, the color characteristic changes to positive, negative or neutral.
Fashion designers, designers, stylists and makeup artists - all people working with flowers use Goethe's color circle in their practice and follow the rules:
Rule number 1. It is best to combine colors that lie opposite each other. they are also called complementary. For example, purple and yellow complement each other and strengthen.
Rule No. 2. Colors located on the tops of one of the triangles are harmonious. For example, blue, purple and green. This rule is also called "tricolor harmony."
Rule No. 3. The colors at the tops of the square are harmonious. For example, blue, purple, yellow and orange. This rule is also called "color complement".
Rule number 4.The colors, located on the color wheel next to each other, fit well together. They are called analog. Usually one of them is taken as a basis, and the second one acts as a supplement for placing accents.
Rule number 5.The shades located on one vertex of the triangle can be combined in any number. The modern color circle of Goethe has 24 peaks. The color of each of them can be decomposed into dozens of shades and used them in work or work.
Rule number 6. Neutral colors can be combined with each other in any quantity. These include: white, brown, gray, black.
Science does not stand still, including the colorist. In the modern RGB color model lies the concept that Johann Wolfgang von Goethe created in the early 19th century.
Goethe's color circle for 2 centuries has been increased to 24flowers thanks to the research of Itten and Oswald and is based on a modern color concept. As before, the main colors are red, blue and green - a modern model of RGB (Red, Gray, Blue). However, now it is represented not by independent colors, but by a gradient circle.
