Geography is translated from ancient Greek asbiography. Actually, this science is. This is a series of interrelated teachings about the Earth. About its composition, structure, topography, countries and not only. Classifications of geography are many, and it is sometimes not easy to understand them.
The main geographic divisions distinguish the physical and socio-economic branches of this science.
In turn, economic geographyis subdivided according to the objects of study into the geography of the population, industry, agriculture, services, transport, and many others. The development of science and technology provokes the emergence of increasingly narrow specifications.
Physical geography is also a whole complex of sciences. These include paleogeography, geomorphology, climatology, land hydrology, oceanology, geography of soils, biogeography.
It is difficult to make a clear classification also because a number of sciences are related to related fields of knowledge.
For example, the geography of a platform is a science that applies not only to geography, but also to geology.
The history of geography begins at the same time as the history of the written language of mankind. And maybe even earlier, because even before the first record, people traveled, memorized and passed their knowledge verbally.
Officially registered research expeditions are known even in Ancient Egypt, II century BC.
Written descriptions of the area with a list of rivers, mountains and oceans have reached us from ancient India, Greece.
With the development of navigation, inevitably appears andthe geography of the seas and oceans, and the development of marine cartography. Up to our time, information has been received on the compilation of maps during the time of Ancient Greece. Perhaps, then, there were no known about such subtleties as underwater relief, the platform of the region, but external manifestations and their features were described quite accurately.
The Middle Ages became a dark age also for the sciences.The achievements of previous civilizations were lost, European science shifted towards theology, and this explains the natural phenomena. However, the geographic science did not stop its development, its center just shifted to the east. In those periods, the main discoveries were made by Arab scholars and travelers.
In the XV-XVII centuries, geographical science and cartography gradually began to return to Europe. With the development of navigation, the era of research and expeditions began.
The geography of the platform is a branch of science that studies the vast parts of the crust of our planet, creating a solid framework of it. These areas are inactive in the tectonic sense.
Their dimensions are huge and are measured in millions of square kilometers. They cover more than 40% of all the appearance of the continents.
The geography of the platform is a complex science along with genealogy. She studies not only the location and movement of parts of the earth, but also their structure.
The shields included in the structure of the platforms include the protrusions of the foundation without sedimentary rocks. The second kind of areas are plates, clad in a sedimentary cover.
Do not assume that the landscape defines the platform. The shape of the relief also depends on the rocks covering them.
Modern science most often distinguishes two basic structural levels. The lower floor, the older and the upper, is a platform cover. Often, the upper case consists of permanent sedimentary rocks.
Geologists and geographers distinguish ancient platforms and young ones.
For the ancient the foundation of the Precambrianperiod. These include the East European, Siberian Platform, on which part of the territory of the Russian Federation is located. This type covers about 40% of the total area of the continents.
Young platforms are composed of a foundationPaleozoic and Mesozoic age. This Scythian, Turanian, West Siberian. It is in this type of platform that an intermediate structural floor meets. They cover only 5% of the area of the continents.
And what about Russia? As an independent science in Russia, the geography of the platform is a great rarity. This is important to know.
Russian platforms are studied more often in geology. After all, the country is wide and immense to indecency.
The platforms of Russia include:Eastern European, on which the European part of the country is located, the West Siberian (located under the Ural Mountains) and the Siberian (stretches as far as the Lena River and is responsible for the location of the Central Siberian Plateau).
As you can see, the geography of the platform is a series ofinterconnected sciences of the earth, not as an external shell, but its internal composition. The structure of the earth, its relief in different areas of the world are different. And you always need to know in which region, on which shield, hollow or platform your native land (city, country) is located. Depending on such characteristics, faults in the earth's crust, earthquakes, volcanoes, cracks, natural disasters and other natural disasters are possible or unacceptable. In addition, that such knowledge is a necessity, to study the structure of the earth is also very interesting!
